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Abstract
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Aims
This study investigated the clinical characteristics of missed child-to-parent violence (CPV) in child and adolescent psychiatric patients via a retrospective case-control design.
Methods
Data were obtained from 177 patients aged under 15 years during their initial consultation at Kohnodai Hospital, Japan, between April 2022 and March 2023. CPV was identified via the Child-to-Parent Violence Questionnaire Parents’ Version (CPV-Q-P), distinguishing missed CPV cases (n=45) detected exclusively through the questionnaire from reported CPV cases by parents or attending doctors (n=18) and non-CPV cases (n=114).
Results
Logistic regression revealed that missed CPV was associated with younger age and higher scores on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-related measures, highlighting notably prevalence, with 25.4% (45 out of 177) of child and adolescent psychiatric patients identified via the CPV-Q-P scale. Comparison of missed and reported CPV cases indicated that missed cases had milder oppositional defiant behaviors and higher daily functioning scores, which suggested that parents may have missed less severe forms of CPV. Moreover, female CPV cases were more frequently missed, which potentially reflected gender-based biases in recognizing violent behavior.
Conclusions
These findings underscore the limitations of conventional interviews in detecting CPV and critical role of systematic screening tools, such as the CPV-Q-P, in identifying missed CPV cases. Early detection and targeted intervention are essential to effectively address CPV and improve outcomes for children and families. Future research should incorporate a further comprehensive approach, expand to various settings, and validate these results to enhance understanding of the clinical characteristics of CPV.
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