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Abstract
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Aims:
This case report explores the complex interaction between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and trauma. It aims to describe the clinical presentation of trauma-induced developmental regression in a mildly autistic child and outline the multidimensional treatment program.
Methods:
A 4-year-old boy with undiagnosed mild autism was referred to the psychiatry clinic due to rapid regression in socio-communicative skills, verbal abilities, and self-help behaviors. Observations, parental interviews, and video analysis were used for assessment. Organic causes were excluded through neurological, metabolic, and genetic investigations. A dual diagnosis of ASD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was made based on clinical findings, and a multidisciplinary treatment plan combining psychoeducation, specialized educational support, and pharmacotherapy was implemented.
Results:
The regression was attributed to a traumatic response following significant environmental changes, including the removal of special interests and strict toilet training practices, especially in school. Initial non-pharmacological interventions yielded limited improvement. Escitalopram therapy resulted in significant improvements in mood, anxiety, and social behaviors without notable side effects. The child regained developmental milestones, including language and self-help skills, within six months. However, school-related environments remained a trigger for temporary setbacks.
Conclusions:
This case contributes to the growing understanding of trauma management in autistic children, emphasizing the need for individualized, multidisciplinary interventions. Screening for trauma, early diagnosis, and tailored treatments can significantly improve developmental and emotional outcomes in trauma-affected children with ASD.
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