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Abstract
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Introduction. Cognitive development of children with mental diseases satisfies general regularity of normal cognitive development according to Vygotsky’s point of view. The studies of cognitive functions of adult patients with schizophrenia have shown main differences in state of attention and some specific features of thinking and memory (P.Harvey et al). Children with mental disorders usually have lower results in cognitive functions in comparison with normal ones (M.Rutter, H.Remshmidt). There are only some investigation assessing the relationship between irregularities in several types of arbitrary memory and thinking in in children and adolescents with different mental disorders.
Target
Assessment of cognitive functions (different kinds of arbitrary memory and thinking) in children and adolescents with endogenous and organic types of mental disorders.
Material and methods
Subjects: 3 clinical group of children and adolescents with different mental disorders: endogenous ones F20.8 – 16 (12,2 mean age),F21 – 28 (12,0 mean age) and organic ones F07 - 11 (11,8 mean age). All children have early onset of disease
Methods. Experimental techniques for arbitrary memory - learning of 10 words (A.Luria), learning of 10x2 words connected in pairs – simple and complicated ones (V.Kritskaya), pictogram (A.Luria) and thinking - construction of objects. Statistical methods (SPSS v.21).
Results
We obtained significant differences between the groups in the parameters of efficiency of arbitrary memory (10 words, the pictogram and complicated pairs) (p≤0,05). Lowest results were in group F20.8. There were no significant differences in the basic characteristics of the assignment on the thinking. Correlation analysis showed that in the group F20.8 significant correlations were obtained for most comparisons parameters of thinking and different kinds of arbitrary memory -21. In other clinical groups there were fewer similar connections: F21 -8, F07 - 4.
Conclusion
1. Children and adolescents with early onset of mental disease of different kinds (endogenous and organic types) show significant differences in the efficiency of arbitrary memory;
2. Children and adolescents with F20.8 demonstrated the lowest results in arbitrary memory and thinking;
3. A closer link of disturbances in arbitrary memory and thinking has been shown in children and adolescents with schizophrenia (endogenous disease), first of all in group F20.8.
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